Emergency Management . Preparedness measures include preparedness plans; emergency exercises/training; warning systems; emergency communications systems; evacuations plans and training; resource inventories; emergency personnel/contact lists; mutual aid agreements; and public information/education. Mitigation measures include building codes; vulnerability analyses updates; zoning and land use management; building use regulations and safety codes; preventive health care; and public education.Mitigation will depend on the incorporation of appropriate measures in national and regional development planning. In addition, their effectiveness depends on the availability of information on hazards, emergency risks and the countermeasures to be taken, and on the degree to which government agencies, non-governmental organizations and the general public are able to make use of this information. The themes underpinning the policy are: Community based DM, including last mile integration of the policy, plans and execution. The mitigation and preparedness phases occur as disaster management improvements are made in anticipation of a disaster event. Where this goal is achieved, people have a greater capacity to deal with disasters and their recovery is more rapid and long lasting. Therefore, developmental considerations are strongly represented in the mitigation and preparedness phases of the disaster management cycle. Recovery activities continue until all systems return to normal or better. The Disaster management cycle illustrates the ongoing process by which governments, businesses, and civil society plan for and reduce the impact of disasters, react during and immediately following a disaster, and take steps to recover after a disaster has occurred. Preparedness: Planning, training, & educational activities for things that cant be mitigated.

The disaster management cycle illustrates the ongoing process by which governments, businesses, and civil society plan for and reduce the impact of disasters, react during and immediately following a disaster, and take steps to recover after a disaster has occurred.
The focus in the response phase is on meeting the basic needs of the people until more permanent and sustainable solutions can be found. Inappropriate development processes can lead to increased vulnerability to disasters and loss of preparedness for emergency situations.Mitigation activities actually eliminate or reduce the probability of disaster occurrence, or reduce the effects of unavoidable disasters. Preparedness can also take the form of ensuring that strategic reserves of food, equipment, water, medicines and other essentials are maintained in cases of national or local catastrophes. Its effectiveness will also depend on the availability of information on hazards, emergency risks, and the countermeasures to be taken. There will be many opportunities during the recovery period to enhance prevention and increase preparedness, thus reducing vulnerability.

To be able to respond effectively, these agencies must have experienced leaders, trained personnel, adequate transport and logistic support, appropriate communications, and guidelines for working in emergencies. The disaster management cycle illustrates the ongoing process by which governments, businesses, and civil society plan for and reduce the impact of disasters, react during and immediately following a disaster, and take steps to recover after a disaster has occurred. Disaster Management Cycle. Such assistance may range from providing specific but limited aid, range from providing specific but limited aid, such as assisting refugees with transport, temporary shelter, and food, to establishing semi-permanent settlement in camps and other locations.It also may involve initial repairs to damaged infrastructure. Information resources and services include data collection related to rebuilding, and documentation of lessons learned. One of the main goals of disaster management, and one of its strongest links with development, is the promotion of sustainable livelihoods and their protection and recovery during disasters and emergencies.Where this goal is achieved, people have a greater capacity to deal with disasters and their recovery is more rapid and long lasting. Response: The immediate aftermath of a disaster, when business is not as usual. Developmental considerations play a key role in contributing to the mitigation and preparation of a community to effectively confront a disaster. If the necessary preparations have not been made, the humanitarian agencies will not be able to meet the immediate needs of the people.The aim of emergency response is to provide immediate assistance to maintain life, improve health and support the morale of the affected population. The Disaster management cycle illustrates the ongoing process by which governments, businesses, and civil society plan for and reduce the impact of disasters, react during and immediately following a disaster, and take steps to recover after a disaster has occurred.

Recovery activities continue until all systems return to normal or better. Emergency Management is about managing risks to communities and the environment. Mitigation: Measures that prevent or reduce the impact of disasters. In a development oriented disaster management approach, the objectives are to reduce hazards, prevent disasters, and prepare for emergencies.Therefore, developmental considerations are strongly represented in the mitigation and preparedness phases of the disaster management cycle.

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