elementary cellular automata java

Wolfram gives the following examples as typical rules of each class.Each computed result is placed under that results' source creating a two-dimensional representation of the system's evolution. There are 16 rules which are the same as their mirrored complementary rules. One method used to study these automata is to follow its history with an initial state of all 0s except for a single cell with a 1. For example, the mirrored complementary rule of rule 110 is rule 193. The 88 inequivalent rules are as follows, evolved from random initial conditions:

In some cases the behavior of a cellular automaton is not immediately obvious. As such it is one of the simplest possible models of computation. The result of applying this transformation to a given rule is called the and, after reordering, we discover that this is rule 137:

When the rule number is even (so that an input of 000 does not compute to a 1) it makes sense to interpret state at each time, The sequence generated is 1, 3, 5, 11, 21, 43, 85, 171, ... (sequence The sequence generated is 1, 5, 21, 85, 341, 1365, 5461, 21845, ... (sequence Note that rules 58, 114, 122, 178, 186, 242 and 250 generate the same sequence. In mathematics and computability theory, an elementary cellular automaton is a one-dimensional cellular automaton where there are two possible states and the rule to determine the state of a cell in the next generation depends only on the current state of the cell and its two immediate neighbors.

Finally, the previous two transformations can be applied successively to a rule to obtain the mirrored complementary rule. Nevertheless, there is an elementary cellular automaton which is capable of universal computation. This behavior can be better understood in terms of Wolfram classes. Although there are 256 possible rules, many of these are trivially equivalent to each other up to a simple transformation of the underlying geometry. The first such transformation is reflection through a vertical axis and the result of applying this transformation to a given rule is called the For example, if the definition of rule 110 is reflected through a vertical line, the following rule (rule 124) is obtained: Rules which are the same as their mirrored rule are called The second such transformation is to exchange the roles of 0 and 1 in the definition.


But in these interactions at least one of the structures is annihilated so the automaton eventually enters a repetitive state and the cellular automaton is Class 2.

For example, for Rule 62, interacting structures develop as in a Class 4. The sequence generated is 1, 7, 17, 119, 273, 1911, 4369, 30583, ... (sequence The sequence generated is 1, 3, 5, 15, 17, 51, 85, 255, ...(sequence The sequence generated is 1, 5, 17, 85, 257, 1285, 4369, 21845, ... (sequence The sequence generated is 1, 7, 27, 119, 427, 1879, 6827, 30039, ... (sequence The sequence generated is 1, 6, 20, 120, 272, 1632, 5440, 32640, ... (sequence The sequence generated is 1, 7, 21, 107, 273, 1911, 5189, 28123, ... (sequence The sequence generated is 1, 7, 29, 115, 477, 1843, 7645, 29491, ... (sequence The sequence generated is 1, 3, 5, 15, 29, 55, 93, 247, ... (sequence The sequence generated is 1, 7, 29, 119, 477, 1911, 7645, 30583, ... (sequence The sequence generated is 1, 3, 7, 15, 31, 63, 127, 255, ... (sequence The sequence generated is 1, 7, 31, 127, 511, 2047, 8191, 32767, ... (sequence A second way to investigate the behavior of these automata is to examine its history starting with a random state.

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